Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2001) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)

Compare Micronesia, Federated States of (2001) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)

	Micronesia, Federated States of (2001)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2002)

Administrative divisions	4 states; Chuuk (Truk), Kosrae, Pohnpei, Yap	-
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	-
Agriculture - products	black pepper, tropical fruits and vegetables, coconuts, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, chickens	-
Airports	7 (2000 est.)	1 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2000 est.)	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2000 est.)	-
Area	total: 702 sq km land: 702 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Pohnpei (Ponape), Truk (Chuuk) Islands, Yap Islands, and Kosrae	total: 60 sq km land: 60 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago
Area - comparative	four times the size of Washington, DC	about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	In 1979 the Federated States of Micronesia, a UN Trust Territory under US administration, adopted a constitution. In 1986 independence was attained under a Compact of Free Association with the United States. Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and overdependence on US aid.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order which had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Budget	revenues: $161 million ($69 million less grants) expenditures: $160 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998 est.)	-
Capital	Palikir	-
Climate	tropical; heavy year-round rainfall, especially in the eastern islands; located on southern edge of the typhoon belt with occasionally severe damage	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	6,112 km	698 km
Constitution	10 May 1979	-
Country name	conventional long form: Federated States of Micronesia conventional short form: none former: Ponape, Truk, and Yap Districts (Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands) abbreviation: FSM	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Currency	US dollar (USD)	-
Debt - external	$111 million (1997 est.)	-
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Diane E. WATSON embassy: address NA, Kolonia mailing address: P. O. Box 1286, Kolonia, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941 telephone: [691] 320-2187 FAX: [691] 320-2186	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	chief of mission: Ambassador Jesse Bibiano MAREHALAU chancery: 1725 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 telephone: [1] (202) 223-4383 FAX: [1] (202) 223-4391 consulate(s) general: Honolulu and Tamuning (Guam)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation since eviction in 1965; repatriation is complicated by the US military lease of Diego Garcia, the largest island in the chain
Economic aid - recipient	under terms of the Compact of Free Association, the US will provide $1.3 billion in grant aid during the period 1986-2001	-
Economy - overview	Economic activity consists primarily of subsistence farming and fishing. The islands have few mineral deposits worth exploiting, except for high-grade phosphate. The potential for a tourist industry exists, but the remoteness of the location and a lack of adequate facilities hinder development. In 1996, the country experienced a 20% reduction in revenues from the Compact of Free Association - the agreement between the US and Micronesia in which Micronesia receives $1.3 billion in financial and technical assistance over a 15-year period until 2001 - as a result of the second step-down under the agreement. Since these revenues accounted for 57% of consolidated government revenues, reduced Compact funding resulted in a severe depression. While Micronesia's economy appears to have bottomed out in 1999, the country's medium-term economic outlook remains fragile due to likely further reductions in external grants made under the US Compact funding. Geographical isolation and a poorly developed infrastructure remain major impediments to long-term growth.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - production	NA kWh	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Totolom 791 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	overfishing	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	nine ethnic Micronesian and Polynesian groups	-
Exchange rates	the US dollar is used	-
Executive branch	chief of state: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Leo A. FALCAM (since 21 July 1999); Vice President Redley KILLION (since 21 July 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet elections: president and vice president elected by Congress from among the four senators-at-large for four-year terms; election last held NA May 1999 (next to be held NA May 2003) election results: Leo A. FALCAM elected president; percent of Congress vote - NA%; Redley KILLION elected vice president; percent of Congress vote - NA%	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Alan HUCKLE (since 2001); Administrator Louise SAVILL (since NA); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	$73 million (f.o.b., 1996 est.)	-
Exports - commodities	fish, garments, bananas, black pepper	-
Exports - partners	Japan, US, Guam	-
Fiscal year	1 October - 30 September	-
Flag description	light blue with four white five-pointed stars centered; the stars are arranged in a diamond pattern	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $263 million (1999 est.) note: GDP is supplemented by grant aid, averaging perhaps $100 million annually	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 19% industry: 4% services: 77% (1996 est.)	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $2,000 (1999 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	0.3% (1999 est.)	-
Geographic coordinates	6 55 N, 158 15 E	6 00 S, 71 30 E
Geography - note	four major island groups totaling 607 islands	archipelago of 2,300 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Highways	total: 240 km paved: 42 km unpaved: 198 km (1996)	total: NA km paved: short stretch of paved road of NA km between port and airfield on Diego Garcia unpaved: NA km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$168 million (c.i.f., 1996 est.)	-
Imports - commodities	food, manufactured goods, machinery and equipment, beverages	-
Imports - partners	US, Japan, Australia	-
Independence	3 November 1986 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism, construction, fish processing, craft items from shell, wood, and pearls	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.6% (FY98/99)	-
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, ESCAP, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IMF, Intelsat, IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, WHO, WMO	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court	-
Labor force	NA	-
Labor force - by occupation	two-thirds are government employees	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: NA% permanent crops: NA% permanent pastures: NA% forests and woodland: NA% other: NA%	arable land: NEGL permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.)
Languages	English (official and common language), Trukese, Pohnpeian, Yapese, Kosrean	-
Legal system	based on adapted Trust Territory laws, acts of the legislature, municipal, common, and customary laws	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral Congress (14 seats; members elected by popular vote; four - one elected from each of state - to serve four-year terms and 10 - elected from single-member districts delineated by population - to serve two-year terms) elections: elections for four-year term seats last held 2 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2003); elections for two-year term seats last held 6 March 2001 (next to be held NA March 2003) election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 14	-
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 89% male: 91% female: 88% (1980 est.)	-
Location	Oceania, island group in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia	Southern Asia, archipelago in the Indian Ocean, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Oceania	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM
Merchant marine	none (2000 est.)	-
Military - note	Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) is a sovereign, self-governing state in free association with the US; FSM is totally dependent on the US for its defense	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
National holiday	Constitution Day, 10 May (1979)	-
Nationality	noun: Micronesian(s) adjective: Micronesian; Kosrae(s), Pohnpeian(s), Trukese, Yapese	-
Natural hazards	typhoons (June to December)	NA
Natural resources	forests, marine products, deep-seabed minerals	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Political parties and leaders	no formal parties	-
Population	134,597 (July 2001 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles around the time of the construction of UK-US military facilities; in 2001, there were approximately 1,500 UK and US military personnel and 2,000 civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Ports and harbors	Colonia (Yap), Kolonia (Pohnpei), Lele, Moen	Diego Garcia
Radio broadcast stations	AM 5, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	NA	NA
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 47%, other and none 3%	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate system domestic: islands interconnected by shortwave radiotelephone (used mostly for government purposes) international: satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	11,000 (2001)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	-
Television broadcast stations	2 (1997)	1 (1997)
Terrain	islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Truk	flat and low (most areas do not exceed four meters in elevation)
Unemployment rate	16% (1999 est.)	-
Waterways	none	none

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